JSP - Sending Email

In this chapter, we will discuss how to send emails using JSP. To send an email using a JSP, you should have the JavaMail API and the Java Activation Framework (JAF) installed on your machine.
  • You can download the latest version of JavaMail (Version 1.2) from the Java's standard website.
  • You can download the latest version of JavaBeans Activation Framework JAF (Version 1.0.2) from the Java's standard website.
Download and unzip these files, in the newly-created top-level directories. You will find a number of jar files for both the applications. You need to add the mail.jar and the activation.jar files in your CLASSPATH.

Send a Simple Email

Here is an example to send a simple email from your machine. It is assumed that your localhost is connected to the Internet and that it is capable enough to send an email. Make sure all the jar files from the Java Email API package and the JAF package are available in CLASSPATH.
<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,javax.mail.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.mail.internet.*,javax.activation.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>

<%
   String result;
   
   // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
   String to = "abcd@gmail.com";

   // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
   String from = "mcmohd@gmail.com";

   // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
   String host = "localhost";

   // Get system properties object
   Properties properties = System.getProperties();

   // Setup mail server
   properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);

   // Get the default Session object.
   Session mailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

   try {
      // Create a default MimeMessage object.
      MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
      
      // Set From: header field of the header.
      message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
      
      // Set To: header field of the header.
      message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                               new InternetAddress(to));
      // Set Subject: header field
      message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
      
      // Now set the actual message
      message.setText("This is actual message");
      
      // Send message
      Transport.send(message);
      result = "Sent message successfully....";
   } catch (MessagingException mex) {
      mex.printStackTrace();
      result = "Error: unable to send message....";
   }
%>

<html>
   <head>
      <title>Send Email using JSP</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <center>
         <h1>Send Email using JSP</h1>
      </center>
      
      <p align = "center">
         <% 
            out.println("Result: " + result + "\n");
         %>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>
Let us now put the above code in SendEmail.jsp file and call this JSP using the URL http://localhost:8080/SendEmail.jsp. This will help send an email to the given email ID abcd@gmail.com. You will receive the following response −

Send Email using JSP



Result: Sent message successfully....
If you want to send an email to multiple recipients, then use the following methods to specify multiple email IDs −
void addRecipients(Message.RecipientType type, Address[] addresses)
throws MessagingException
Here is the description of the parameters −
  • type − This would be set to TO, CC or BCC. Here CC represents Carbon Copy and BCC represents Black Carbon Copy. Example Message.RecipientType.TO
  • addresses − This is the array of email ID. You would need to use the InternetAddress() method while specifying email IDs

Send an HTML Email

Here is an example to send an HTML email from your machine. It is assumed that your localhost is connected to the Internet and that it is capable enough to send an email. Make sure all the jar files from the Java Email API package and the JAF package are available in CLASSPATH.
This example is very similar to the previous one, except that here we are using the setContent() method to set content whose second argument is "text/html" to specify that the HTML content is included in the message.
Using this example, you can send as big an HTML content as you require.
<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,javax.mail.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.mail.internet.*,javax.activation.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>

<%
   String result;
   
   // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
   String to = "abcd@gmail.com";

   // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
   String from = "mcmohd@gmail.com";

   // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
   String host = "localhost";

   // Get system properties object
   Properties properties = System.getProperties();

   // Setup mail server
   properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);

   // Get the default Session object.
   Session mailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

   try {
      // Create a default MimeMessage object.
      MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
      
      // Set From: header field of the header.
      message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
      
      // Set To: header field of the header.
      message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
      
      // Set Subject: header field
      message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
     
      // Send the actual HTML message, as big as you like
      message.setContent("<h1>This is actual message</h1>", "text/html" );
      
      // Send message
      Transport.send(message);
      result = "Sent message successfully....";
   } catch (MessagingException mex) {
      mex.printStackTrace();
      result = "Error: unable to send message....";
   }
%>

<html>
   <head>
      <title>Send HTML Email using JSP</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      <center>
         <h1>Send Email using JSP</h1>
      </center>
      
      <p align = "center">
         <% 
            out.println("Result: " + result + "\n");
         %>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>
Let us now use the above JSP to send HTML message on a given email ID.

Send Attachment in Email

Following is an example to send an email with attachment from your machine −
<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,javax.mail.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.mail.internet.*,javax.activation.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>

<%
   String result;
   
   // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
   String to = "abcd@gmail.com";

   // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
   String from = "mcmohd@gmail.com";

   // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
   String host = "localhost";

   // Get system properties object
   Properties properties = System.getProperties();

   // Setup mail server
   properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);

   // Get the default Session object.
   Session mailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

   try {
      // Create a default MimeMessage object.
      MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);

      // Set From: header field of the header.
      message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

      // Set To: header field of the header.
      message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));

      // Set Subject: header field
      message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");

      // Create the message part 
      BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();

      // Fill the message
      messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");
      
      // Create a multipart message
      Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

      // Set text message part
      multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

      // Part two is attachment
      messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
      
      String filename = "file.txt";
      DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
      messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
      messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
      multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

      // Send the complete message parts
      message.setContent(multipart );

      // Send message
      Transport.send(message);
      String title = "Send Email";
      result = "Sent message successfully....";
   } catch (MessagingException mex) {
      mex.printStackTrace();
      result = "Error: unable to send message....";
   }
%>

<html>
   <head>
      <title>Send Attachment Email using JSP</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <center>
         <h1>Send Attachment Email using JSP</h1>
      </center>
      
      <p align = "center">
         <%out.println("Result: " + result + "\n");%>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>
Let us now run the above JSP to send a file as an attachment along with a message on a given email ID.

User Authentication Part

If it is required to provide user ID and Password to the email server for authentication purpose, then you can set these properties as follows −
props.setProperty("mail.user", "myuser");
props.setProperty("mail.password", "mypwd");
Rest of the email sending mechanism will remain as explained above.

Using Forms to Send Email

You can use HTML form to accept email parameters and then you can use the request object to get all the information as follows −
String to = request.getParameter("to");
String from = request.getParameter("from");
String subject = request.getParameter("subject");
String messageText = request.getParameter("body");
Once you have all the information, you can use the above mentioned programs to send email.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

About JSP(Java Server Pages)

What is JSP(Java Server Pages) Java Server Pages (JSP) is a server-side programming technology that enables the creation of dynamic, platform-independent method for building Web-based applications. JSP have access to the entire family of Java APIs, including the JDBC API to access enterprise databases. This tutorial will teach you how to use Java Server Pages to develop your web applications in simple and easy steps.                                                                     Audience For These tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand basic functionality of Java Server Pages (JSP) to develop your web applications. After completing this tutorial you will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in using JSP from where you can take yourself to next levels. ...
Read more

JSP - Handling Date

In this chapter, we will discuss how to handle data in JSP. One of the most important advantages of using JSP is that you can use all the methods available in core Java. We will take you through the  Date  class which is available in the  java.util  package; this class encapsulates the current date and time. The Date class supports two constructors. The first constructor initializes the object with the current date and time. Date( ) The following constructor accepts one argument that equals the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since midnight, January 1, 1970. Date(long millisec) Once you have a Date object available, you can call any of the following support methods to play with dates − S.No. Methods & Description 1 boolean after(Date date) Returns true if the invoking Date object contains a date that is later than the one specified by date, otherwise, it returns false. 2 boolean before(Date date) Returns true if the invoking Date obj...
Read more

JSP - Standard Tag Library (JSTL) Tutorial

In this chapter, we will understand the different tags in JSP. The JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library (JSTL) is a collection of useful JSP tags which encapsulates the core functionality common to many JSP applications. JSTL has support for common, structural tasks such as iteration and conditionals, tags for manipulating XML documents, internationalization tags, and SQL tags. It also provides a framework for integrating the existing custom tags with the JSTL tags. Install JSTL Library To begin working with JSP tages you need to first install the JSTL library. If you are using the Apache Tomcat container, then follow these two steps − Step 1  − Download the binary distribution from  Apache Standard Taglib and unpack the compressed file. Step 2  − To use the Standard Taglib from its  Jakarta Taglibs distribution , simply copy the JAR files in the distribution's 'lib' directory to your application's  webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\lib  directory. To use...
Read more

JSP - Security

JavaServer Pages and servlets make several mechanisms available to Web developers to secure applications. Resources are protected declaratively by identifying them in the application deployment descriptor and assigning a role to them. Several levels of authentication are available, ranging from basic authentication using identifiers and passwords to sophisticated authentication using certificates. Role Based Authentication The authentication mechanism in the servlet specification uses a technique called  role-based security . The idea is that rather than restricting resources at the user level, you create roles and restrict the resources by role. You can define different roles in file  tomcat-users.xml , which is located off Tomcat's home directory in conf. An example of this file is shown below − <? xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'utf-8' ?> <tomcat-users> <role rolename = "tomcat" /> <role rolename = ...
Read more

JSP - Internationalization| i18n| l10n

In this chapter, we will discuss the concept of Internationalization in JSP. Before we proceed, let us understand the following three important terms − Internationalization (i18n)  − This means enabling a website to provide different versions of content translated into the visitor's language or nationality. Localization (l10n)  − This means adding resources to a website to adapt it to a particular geographical or cultural region for example Hindi translation to a web site. locale  − This is a particular cultural or geographical region. It is usually referred to as a language symbol followed by a country symbol which are separated by an underscore. For example, " en_US " represents english locale for US. There are a number of items which should be taken care of while building up a global Website. This tutorial will not give you complete detail on this but it will give you a good example on how you can offer your Webpage in different languages to the internet...
Read more

JSP - XML Data

When you send the XML data via HTTP, it makes sense to use JSP to handle incoming and outgoing XML documents; for example, RSS documents. As an XML document is merely a bunch of text, creating one through a JSP is much easier than creating an HTML document. Sending XML from a JSP You can send the XML content using JSPs the same way you send HTML. The only difference is that you must set the content type of your page to text/xml. To set the content type, use the  <%@page%>  tag, like this − <%@ page contentType = "text/xml" %> Following example will show how to send XML content to the browser − <%@ page contentType = "text/xml" %> <books> <book> <name> Padam History </name> <author> ZARA </author> <price> 100 </price> </book> </books> Access the above XML using different browsers to see the document tree presentation of the above XML. Processi...
Read more

JSP - Session Tracking

In this chapter, we will discuss session tracking in JSP. HTTP is a "stateless" protocol which means each time a client retrieves a Webpage, the client opens a separate connection to the Web server and the server automatically does not keep any record of previous client request. Maintaining Session Between Web Client And Server Let us now discuss a few options to maintain the session between the Web Client and the Web Server − Cookies A webserver can assign a unique session ID as a cookie to each web client and for subsequent requests from the client they can be recognized using the received cookie. This may not be an effective way as the browser at times does not support a cookie. It is not recommended to use this procedure to maintain the sessions. Hidden Form Fields A web server can send a hidden HTML form field along with a unique session ID as follows − <input type = "hidden" name = "sessionid" value = "12345"> This ...
Read more

JSP - Http Status Codes

In this chapter, we will discuss the Http Status Codes in JSP. The format of the HTTP request and the HTTP response messages are similar and will have the following structure − An initial status line + CRLF (Carriage Return + Line Feed ie. New Line) Zero or more header lines + CRLF A blank line ie. a CRLF An optional message body like file, query data or query output. For example, a server response header looks like the following − HTTP / 1.1 200 OK Content - Type : text / html Header2 : ... ... HeaderN : ... ( Blank Line ) <! doctype ...> <html> <head> ...</ head > <body> ... </ body > </ html > The status line consists of the  HTTP version (HTTP/1.1 in the example) , a status code (200 in the example), and a very short message corresponding to the status code  (OK in the example) . Following table lists out the HTTP status codes and associated messages that might be return...
Read more

JSP - Filters

In this chapter, we will discuss Filters in JSP. Servlet and JSP Filters are Java classes that can be used in Servlet and JSP Programming for the following purposes − To intercept requests from a client before they access a resource at back end. To manipulate responses from server before they are sent back to the client. There are various types of filters suggested by the specifications − Authentication Filters Data compression Filters Encryption Filters Filters that trigger resource access events Image Conversion Filters Logging and Auditing Filters MIME-TYPE Chain Filters Tokenizing Filters XSL/T Filters That Transform XML Content Filters are deployed in the deployment descriptor file  web.xml  and then map to either servlet or JSP names or URL patterns in your application's deployment descriptor. The deployment descriptor file web.xml can be found in  <Tomcat-installation-directory>\conf  directory. When the JSP container starts up...
Read more

JSP - Database Access

In this chapter, we will discuss how to access database with JSP. We assume you have good understanding on how JDBC application works. Before starting with database access through a JSP, make sure you have proper JDBC environment setup along with a database. For more detail on how to access database using JDBC and its environment setup you can go through our  JDBC Tutorial . To start with basic concept, let us create a table and create a few records in that table as follows − Create Table To create the  Employees  table in the EMP database, use the following steps − Step 1 Open a  Command Prompt  and change to the installation directory as follows − C : \> C : \>cd Program Files \MySQL\b in C : \Program Files \MySQL\b in > Step 2 Login to the database as follows − C : \Program Files \MySQL\b in > mysql - u root - p Enter password : ******** mysql > Step 3 Create the  Employee  table in the  TEST  da...
Read more